Tshopo/Kisangani : Ngenengene, les femmes recensent les pratiques complices de la culture des violences basées sur le Genre.
Pendant trois jours, une cinquantaine des femmes et jeunes filles a analysé les différentes attitudes le long de la route KANDANGBA dans la commune de la Tshopo. C’était au cours de la formation organisée au village Ngenengene en fin juin dernier par lOng de défense des droits humains dénommée Groupe Lotus.
Au terme des séances interactives animées par des jeunes juristes, psychologues et sociologues sur les violences sexuelles, les violences basées sur le genre et les discriminations à l’égard de la femme, les mamans de Ngenengene, situé à 17 km de Kisangani et villages voisins, ont décortiqué leurs quotidiens qui démontrent que la culture de violence sexuelles et les discriminations à leurs égard est omniprésente.
C’est encré dans notre façon de réfléchir, de parler et même de se mouvoir. Nous devons faire attention à cela, avertit Fidèle BAKIRI avocat et formatrice du groupe LOTUS.
Les réflexions ont permis à l’assistance, majoritairement analphabète, à mieux comprendre les nombreuses pratiques néfastes des violences basées sur le genre qui, depuis longtemps, privent les femmes et les jeunes filles de ce village de leur dignité et surtout de leurs droits.
A l’issue de cette formation, à l’allure d’une confrontation selon les tranches d’âge, les croyances religieuses ou culturelles et l’environnement social de chacune, qui permettaient de normaliser et de justifier les violences sexuelles, ont elles-mêmes déceler les préjugés qui permettent à la culture des violences sexuelles et des différentes inégalités de perdurer.
La Femme n’est pas une propriété de l’homme
Les mamans de Ngenengene ont répertorié des termes utilisés pour justifier et banaliser les violences sexuelles commises dans les ménages, les places publiques et même dans les cérémonies.
Elles ont cité les expressions telles que « boro na ngai » (NDR la fille, c’est de la chair à consommer en Lingala) qu’utilisent les garçons. Elles ont reconnu que ces expressions traduisent que la femme et la fille sont sous-évaluées. Une catégorie des participants banalise ces gestes et paroles qu’elles mettent sur le compte de l’humour, de l’amour, du désir de l’envie, du charmeur…
Ces genres des propos sous-entendent que votre jeune fille est un objet qui appartient à l’homme, soit parce qu’il l’avait violé, ou encore « enceinté le premier », se désole Rais LIPASO, une autre formatrice du groupe Lotus.
Ce qui a poussé l’assistance à inventorier les termes qui traitent la jeune fille de toutes sortes de nom.
“C’est de l’ignorance. Ces mots et phrases que nous utilisons régulièrement façonnent négativement la réalité de notre fille », dénonce R. LIPASO.
Elle interpelle l’assistance du fait que si ces situations contre la femme perdurent c’est aussi parce que certains chefs locaux et des personnes ayant un certain pouvoir sur les autres, ont adhérer à des pensées sur la masculinité qui véhiculent les actes de violence et de discrimination. Cela s’observe plus dans les milieux urbano-ruraux. C’est ce qui justifie la campagne que mène le Groupe Lotus avec l’appui l’ambassade de la République Fédérale d’Allemagne en République Démocratique du Congo.
Mettre fin aux stéréotypes racines de violence sexuelle.
Dans la salle, il y a eu également quelques hommes. Notamment le chef du village Ngenengene qui na pas hésiter à relayer des clichés selon lesquels “l’Internet est venu détruire nos fondamentaux sur l’éducation de base des jeunes filles. Ces dernières n’imitent que ce qui est dans le téléphone”.
Cette intervention qui jette le blâme sur la fille alors que c’est elle qui est le plus souvent victime de viol que l’homme, en voulant laisser croire que c’est la survivante du viol plutôt que l’agresseur qui porte la responsabilité du viol.
Cette tête couronnée de Ngenengene, avance aussi l’habillement sexy des filles, la consommation d’alcool, et leurs fréquentations des lieux dits de tolérance qui constituent, selon lui, des invitations à se faire violer. « Ces considérations bien qu’elles sortent de la bouche du chef du village risquent de continuer à façonner effectivement la persistance des violences basées sur le genre”, fait savoir une jeune fille allaitante, presque en colère.
Fidèle BAKIRI, en sa qualité d’avocat, a attiré l’attention du chef du village sur la nécessité d’associer les gardiens de la coutume dans cette campagne sur les racines du mal des violences sexuelles et autres forme de discriminations.
Se soutenir pour agir contre la culture de viol
Une prise des consciences s’est manifestée dans le chef de ces femmes paysannes et même de quelques hommes dans la salle du fait qu’ils connaissent désormais les facteurs qui sous-tendent la culture du viol et surtout les mythes qui l’entouraient avant cette formation.
Les mamans de Ngenengene sont déterminées à se soutenir collectivement pour pouvoir agir contre la culture de viol à travers les points focaux qu’elles se sont choisis pour répertorier les cas de viol et de les rapporter au Groupe Lotus afin d’accompagner les victimes qui pourront bénéficier des sanctions juridiques contre les auteurs d’actes criminels contre la femme et le jeune fille.
Le Groupe Lotus s’investit en faveur des femmes pour leurs défenses, pour relayer leurs voix et soutenir les survivantes de viols à travers des avocats mis à leur disposition gratuitement. C’est pour cette raison que les mamans et papa qui ont suivi cette formation ont pris l’engagement communautaire d’apprendre aux jeunes les notions apprise.
Ernest MUKULI
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دستگاه سندبلاست
یکی از ابزارهای مورد استفاده
در فرایند سندبلاست است. این دستگاه با استفاده از هوا و ذرات سختی
همچون گریت، شات و سنگهای ریز، به سطحی که قرار است پاکسازی شود، ضربه میزند و باعث پاکسازی و تمیز کردن سطح میشود.
دستگاه سندبلاست در طراحیها و اندازههای مختلفی تولید میشود.
برخی از این دستگاهها برای استفاده
صنعتی و برخی دیگر برای استفاده خانگی و کارهای کوچک مانند تمیز کردن قطعات خودرو، تمیز کردن پوششهای فلزی و غیرفلزی و تمیز کردن سطوح دیگر استفاده میشوند.
دستگاه سندبلاست عموماً شامل یک تنظیم کننده فشار، یک مخزن برای جمع آوری ذرات پاشیده شده، یک
نازل پاشنده ذرات و یک سیستم جمع آوری گرد و غبار است.
همچنین، برای افزایش کارایی و کاهش هزینهها، برخی از دستگاههای سندبلاست با سیستم خنک
کننده و جداسازی آب و روغن مجهز شدهاند.
این دستگاه ها به دلیل کارایی و قابلیت استفاده در صنایع
مختلف، برای پاکسازی و تمیز کردن سطوح فلزی و غیرفلزی، حذف رنگهای قدیمی و آلودگیهای سطحی و همچنین برای آماده کردن سطوح
برای رنگآمیزی و پوششدهی بسیار مفید واقع
میشود.
سندبلاست ها به کمپرسور سندبلاست نیز نیاز دارند زیرا در فرایند
سندبلاست، دستگاه با استفاده از فشار بالای هوا و ذرات سخت،
سطح مورد نظر را پاکسازی میکند.
این فشار هوا معمولاً با استفاده از
کمپرسورهای قوی و با ظرفیت بالا تأمین میشود.
دستگاه سندبلاست برای پاکسازی سطوح فلزی و غیرفلزی استفاده میشود و
در بسیاری از صنایع مانند خودروسازی، صنایع هوا و فضا، ساختمانسازی،
صنایع دریایی و ساخت و ساز استفاده میشود.
همچنین، در صنایعی که نیاز به
پاکسازی و تمیز کردن سطوحی همچون لولهها، سطوح داخلی دستگاهها و تجهیزات الکترونیکی
دارند، نیز از این دستگاه
استفاده میشود.
سندبلاست ها معمولاً در دو نوع دستی و اتوماتیک تولید میشود.
در دستگاه سندبلاست دستی، کارگر باید دستگاه را
با دست خود حمل کرده و روی سطح مورد
نظر قرار دهد و پس از پاشاندن ذرات سنگین به سطح، آن را تمیز کند.
در دستگاه سندبلاست اتوماتیک، سطح مورد نظر با استفاده از
یک دستگاه اتوماتیک پاکسازی میشود
و کارگر نیازی به حمل دستگاه ندارد.
برای استفاده از دستگاه سندبلاست، ابتدا
باید سطح مورد نظر را آماده کرد و از هر
نوع ذرات سخت و آلودگی پاک کرد.
سپس، دستگاه سندبلاست را با توجه به نوع سطح و نوع ذرات مورد استفاده، تنظیم کرده و شروع به کار کنید.
در هنگام استفاده از سند بلاست، باید از
ایمنی کارگران و سایر افراد
حاضر در محل کار برای جلوگیری
از آسیبهای جانی و جسمی اطمینان حاصل شود.
همچنین، برای استفاده بهینه از
دستگاه سندبلاست، باید توجه داشت که نوع ذرات پاشیده شده، فشار هوا و
فاصله بین نازل پاشنده و سطح مورد نظر باید به درستی تنظیم شوند.
علاوه بر این، باید از انتخاب نوع ذرات مناسب
برای هر نوع سطح مطمئن شوید تا آسیبی
به سطح نرسد و کارایی پاکسازی بهینه
باشد.
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